[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/jizni-sudan-nejmladsi-stat-sveta\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/jizni-sudan-nejmladsi-stat-sveta\/","headline":"Ji\u017en\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1n \u2013 nejmlad\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t sv\u011bta","name":"Ji\u017en\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1n \u2013 nejmlad\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t sv\u011bta","description":"Ji\u017en\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1n je nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vznikl\u00fdm samostatn\u00fdm st\u00e1tem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Vznikl v\u00a0roce 2012 pot\u00e9, co se odtrhl od sv\u00e9ho severn\u00edho souseda S\u00fad\u00e1nu. Ji\u017en\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1n se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na plo\u0161e 650 000 km2.\u00a0 Je tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3,5 kr\u00e1t men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e S\u00fad\u00e1n. Osu \u00fazem\u00ed st\u00e1tu tvo\u0159\u00ed \u0159eka B\u00edl\u00fd Nil, kter\u00e1 prot\u00e9k\u00e1 tak\u00e9 hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem S\u00fad\u00e1nu. V\u00a0Ch\u00e1rt\u00famu (hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b S\u00fad\u00e1nu) se do n\u00ed vl\u00e9v\u00e1 Modr\u00fd Nil \u2013 spole\u010dn\u011b tak vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Nil, kter\u00fd je d\u00e9lkou 6 695 km v\u00a0po\u0159ad\u00ed druhou nejdel\u0161\u00ed \u0159ekou sv\u011bta. V\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b, kde Nil…","datePublished":"2025-03-03","dateModified":"2023-05-01","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"kisjmk.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4c6f4cec51e1a1b20d9361c6367b917eb8db239c023f88502d2833b745a358d4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4c6f4cec51e1a1b20d9361c6367b917eb8db239c023f88502d2833b745a358d4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"kisjmk.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a340772_w2178_t1553672288.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a340772_w2178_t1553672288.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/jizni-sudan-nejmladsi-stat-sveta\/","about":["Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed"],"wordCount":439,"articleBody":"Ji\u017en\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1n je nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vznikl\u00fdm samostatn\u00fdm st\u00e1tem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Vznikl v\u00a0roce 2012 pot\u00e9, co se odtrhl od sv\u00e9ho severn\u00edho souseda S\u00fad\u00e1nu. Ji\u017en\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1n se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na plo\u0161e 650 000 km2.\u00a0 Je tedy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3,5 kr\u00e1t men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e S\u00fad\u00e1n. Osu \u00fazem\u00ed st\u00e1tu tvo\u0159\u00ed \u0159eka B\u00edl\u00fd Nil, kter\u00e1 prot\u00e9k\u00e1 tak\u00e9 hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem S\u00fad\u00e1nu. V\u00a0Ch\u00e1rt\u00famu (hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b S\u00fad\u00e1nu) se do n\u00ed vl\u00e9v\u00e1 Modr\u00fd Nil \u2013 spole\u010dn\u011b tak vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Nil, kter\u00fd je d\u00e9lkou 6 695 km v\u00a0po\u0159ad\u00ed druhou nejdel\u0161\u00ed \u0159ekou sv\u011bta. V\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b, kde Nil opou\u0161t\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1nu, postavili v\u00a070. letech 20. stolet\u00ed Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 Asu\u00e1nskou vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e.Ob\u011b zem\u011b jsou velmi rozd\u00edln\u00e9. Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0nejji\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech Ji\u017en\u00edho S\u00fad\u00e1nu se pohybuj\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 \u00fahrny a\u017e okolo 1 000 mm, na severn\u00ed hranici S\u00fad\u00e1nu nep\u0159esahuj\u00ed zpravidla 100 mm. Sever st\u00e1tu je tak typickou pou\u0161t\u00ed, zat\u00edmco na jihu se rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed savany, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u0161ak ohro\u017eeny desertifikac\u00ed \u2013 d\u00edky zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9mu vyu\u017eit\u00ed (pastv\u011b zv\u00ed\u0159at) se savana nesta\u010d\u00ed obnovovat a pomalu se m\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0pou\u0161\u0165. Tento probl\u00e9m je typick\u00fd pro ji\u017en\u00ed okraj Sahary, kter\u00e1 se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 Sahel. Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 plochy tvo\u0159\u00ed na v\u00fdchod\u011b\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00edm S\u00fad\u00e1nu pr\u00e1v\u011b pastviny a louky. Tropick\u00fd r\u00e1z podneb\u00ed Ji\u017en\u00edho S\u00fad\u00e1nu dokazuje tak\u00e9 fakt, \u017ee rozd\u00edl mezi pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdmi teplotami v\u00a0lednu a \u010dervenci je pouze 3 \u00b0C.Pokud bychom v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch hledali podobnosti, m\u016f\u017eeme se soust\u0159edit na v\u00fd\u0161ku nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch hor obou st\u00e1t\u016f. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hora S\u00fad\u00e1nu\u00a0 D\u017e. Marra (3\u00a0088 m. n. m.) se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0poho\u0159\u00ed Darf\u00far. Podobnou nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161ku m\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hora Ji\u017en\u00edho S\u00fad\u00e1nu Kinyeti (3 187 m. n. m.), kter\u00e1 le\u017e\u00ed ji\u017en\u011b od hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti v\u0161ak p\u0159edch\u00e1zela vlekl\u00e1 a krvav\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. Jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm spor o ropu, kter\u00e1 se t\u011b\u017e\u00ed pod\u00e9l hranice mezi t\u011bmito st\u00e1ty. V\u011bt\u0161ina lo\u017eisek le\u017e\u00ed na jihos\u00fad\u00e1nsk\u00e9 stran\u011b hranice. Probl\u00e9mem Ji\u017en\u00edho S\u00fad\u00e1nu je ale to, \u017ee nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0mo\u0159i a k\u00a0v\u00fdvozu ropy mus\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt jedin\u00fd velk\u00fd s\u00fad\u00e1nsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstav B\u00far Sud\u00e1n.\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.4\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ji\u017en\u00ed S\u00fad\u00e1n \u2013 nejmlad\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t sv\u011bta","item":"https:\/\/www.kisjmk.cz\/jizni-sudan-nejmladsi-stat-sveta\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]